Exploring Error State at Scale

Mohit Chandarana
29 May 2025
•
1 min read

Elise Deitrick

Abstract
Time-on-task has been shown to predict student performance in Computer Science courses, making it a useful tool for teachers to identify which students need extra support. We attempt to add more granularity to our time-on-task metric by leveraging the exit code of the previous compile/run attempt to subdivide student time-on-task into time in an error state and time in an error-free state. We compare the predictive power of (1) keystroke-derived time-on-task, (2) error-free time-on-task, (3) error time-on-task, and (4) the ratio between error-free and error state time-on-task against assignment grades.
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